Personalised vaccines show promise in skin cancer treatment

Researchers have reported that personalised vaccines have successfully treated melanoma patients in two small studies, marking a step towards personalised therapies.

A study, published in the journal Nature, used the unique differences in 19 patients’ cancers were to design vaccines to spur the immune system into action, looking for faulty molecules from patients’ tumours.

The first study, which included 13 patients who had stage III or IV melanoma, used a molecule called RNA and resulted in eight of the patients being disease free at the end of the follow up period of two years. The five remaining patients had relapsed between surgery and the start of the vaccination programme, with one responding well and remaining relapse-free for over two years, and another having a partial response.

The second study of six patients, each of whom received a series of seven vaccinations after their melanoma was removed surgically, resulted in four of the patients had stage III melanoma, and after the vaccination the disease had not recurred 25 months later. But the disease did recur in the other two patients with stage IV melanoma, though both responded to further treatment using the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab.

Dr Catherine Pickworth, science communication officer at Cancer Research UK, said: “The promising results show that personalised cancer vaccines designed to treat skin cancer are safe to use, and that for some patients, they can successfully harness the power of the body’s own immune system to kill cancer cells.”

Experts have warned that vaccines are some way off being used as a standard treatment.

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This story was first published in digitalhealth.net

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